OVERVIEW
Alpha-lipoic acid is also called ALA or thioctic acid [Gaby2011, pg 222].
This is a conditionally essential nutrient that is soluble in both water and fat. This allows it to work in every cell or tissue in the body. On the other hand, most other antioxidants are only soluble in water or fat.
ALA may be beneficial in neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease and diabetic neuropathy.
Note that the abbreviation "ALA" can mean Alpha-Lipoic Acid or Alpha-Linolenic Acid, which are two very different substances.
Dosage:
REFERENCES
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[GP2008]  Great Plains Laboratory, William Shaw, Lori Knowles, Kurt Woeller. Physician Practitioner Training (Autism) Lecture Notes and Documentation. Tempe, AZ (8/23/2008 - 8/24/2008). Full text: https://www.greatplainslaboratory.com[Myhill2018]  Sarah Myhill. Sustainable Medicine: Whistle-Blowing on 21st-Century Medical Practice. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing (2018).