Overview
Lyme Disease is a tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi.
The initial presentation is a "bulls-eye target lesion" surrounding a tick bite, but the chronic symptoms may be noticed long after the initial target lesion has faded.
The most common chronic symptoms of Lyme Disease are fatigue, weakness, paresthesias, neck/shoulder pain, headache, dizziness, migrating muscle or joint pain, fever, psychotic symptoms (depression, schizophrenia), back and sciatic pain, night sweats or awakening between 2 and 4 AM. As discussed below, additional co-infections may add additional symptoms [Schwarzbach2016].
Lyme Disease is associated with autistic disorders [Bransfield2008 🕮 ], Chronic Fatigue Syndrome [American Lyme Disease Alliance], Fibromyalgia [Sigal1988 🕮 ], Multiple Sclerosis, Myelopathies, Polyneuropathies, Brain tumors, Encephalopathy [Murray1992 🕮 ], Meningitis, Encephalitis, Neuritis, Mania, Depression, Schizophrenia, Anorexia [Fallon1994 🕮 ], Parkinson's Disease [Cassarino2003 🕮 ], and dementia [Fallon1994 🕮 ].
In addition to the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, many patients may suffer coinfection by other tick-borne bacteria, including Babesia spp. Bartonella spp. Ehrlichia chaffeensis Anaplasma phagocytophilum Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella burnetii In addition, immune suppression may lead to additional opportunistic infections, including Chlamydia pneumoniae Chlamydia trachomatis Mycoplasma spp. Yersinia spp. Toxoplasma gondii Coxsackievirus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Kaposi' s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (HHV-8) and Human betaherpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) [Schwarzbach2016]. The presence of these coinfections can lead to apparent variations in the symptom picture of "Lyme Disease." Note that these co-infections are intracellular parasites, and hence difficult to treat using conventional antibiotics.
Please also see Informal study by American Lyme Disease Alliance which was cited by [Schwarzbach2016].
Please see conventional, complementary, and alternative medical treatments for important background information regarding the different types of medical treatments discussed on this page. Naturopathic, Complementary, and Alternative treatments that may be considered include: